I-APS sponsors awards for outstanding contributions to the photochemical sciences. The annual Call for Nominations is circulated each summer with awards presented at the annual I-APS Winter Conference.
I-APS is now soliciting nominations for all I-APS awards. Please refer to the I-APS Award Nomination Procedures tab on this page for nomination guidelines.
The awards listed below recognize the accomplishments, achievements and service to the society and photochemical community. Please refer to the I-APS Award Nomination Procedures tab below for nomination guidelines.
I-APS Award in Photochemistry
The I-APS Award in Photochemistry was established in 1988 to recognize outstanding contributions by members of the Society to the advancement of the photochemical and photophysical sciences, recognizing achievements made during the past ten years of the nominee's career.
2023 | James K, McCusker, Michigan State University |
2019 | Felix ("Phil") Castellano, North Carolina State University |
2018 | Dirk Guldi, Erlangen University |
2017 | Bern Kohler, Ohio State University “UV Excited States of DNA: Photostability with a Twist” |
2016 | Russell Schmehl, Tulane University “Photoinduced Energy and Electron Transfer Processes of Transition Metal Complex Chromophores” |
2015 | Cornelia Bohne, University of Victoria “Mechanistic Insights from Supramolecular Dynamic Studies on the Binding of Guests with Cucurbit[n]urils” |
2014 | Claudia Turro, Ohio State University “Excited States of Inorganic Complexes for Applications in Biology and Solar Energy” |
2013 | Clifford P. Kubiak, University of California, San Diego |
2012 |
Miguel Garcia-Garibay, University of California, Los Angeles "Reaction Mechanisms and Absolute Kinetics in Solid State Photoreactions." |
2011 |
Kirk Schanze, University of Florida "Photonic Polymers: Properties and Applications." |
2010 |
William J. Leigh, McMaster University "Group 14 Reactive Intermediates. Photochemical Methods for the Study of Silicon, Germanium, and Tin Analogues of Alkenes and Carbenes." |
2009 |
V. Ramamurthy, University of Miami "Controlling Photochemistry with Weak Non-Covalent Forces and Confined Spaces" |
2008 |
Peter C. Ford, University of California, Santa Barbara "Polychromophoric Compounds for Photogeneration of Bioactive Agents" |
2007 |
Joseph T. Hupp, Northwestern University - for his contributions to the areas of dye sensitized photoelectrochemical cells and for his work on photoinduced charge transfer in metal complexes with Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. |
2006 |
Daniel G. Nocera, Massachusetts Institute of Technology "Powering the Planet: The Challenge for Science, Chemistry and Photochemistry in the 21st Century" |
2005 |
Devens Gust, Arizona State University "Molecule-Based Switches and Logic Gates: Using Photochromic Molecules to Control Photoinduced Electron Transfer" |
2004 |
Michael R. Wasielewski, Northwestern University "Photoinitiation and Control of Charge Transport: From Molecules to Materials" |
2003 |
Frederick D. Lewis, Northwestern University "Reflections on Excited State Reactivity: Entropy, Enthalpy, and Conformation" |
2002 |
Paul F. Barbara, University of Texas at Austin "The Photochemistry, Structure, and Dynamics of Delocalized Charges in Water" |
2001 |
Michael A.J. Rodgers, Bowling Green State University "Redox Reactions in Complexes of Metalloporphyrins with Native Proteins and Synthetic Peptides: A Photodynamic Study" |
2000 |
Peter J. Wagner, Michigan State University "A Decade of Closure and Surprises" |
1999 |
Douglas C. Neckers, Bowling Green State University "The Photochemical Sciences" |
1998 |
David G. Whitten, Los Alamos National Laboratory "Photoinduced Electron Transfer Fragmentations Revisited: Medium Effects and Amplification through Tandem Cofragmentation" |
1997 |
Thomas J. Meyer, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill "MLCT Excited States" |
1996 |
Graham R. Fleming, University of California at Berkeley "Photosynthetic Light Harvesting" |
1995 |
Samir Farid, Eastman-Kodak Company "Bimolecular Photoinduced Electron Transfer" |
1994 |
Josef Michl, University of Colorado at Boulder "What Does Organosilane Photophysics Tell Us About the Nature of Sigma Bonding?" |
1993 |
Juan C. (Tito) Scaiano, University of Ottawa "Connecting the Free Radical, Carbene and Carbocation Manifolds through Electron and Proton Transfer Reactions" |
1992 |
Gerhard L. Closs, University of Chicago "Triplet and Singlet Energy Transfer in Bifunctional Organic Molecules" |
1991 |
Nicholas J. Turro, Columbia University "Photochemistry in Nanoscopic Reactors" |
1988 | C. Bradley Moore, Northwestern University |
I-APS Young Investigator Award
The I-APS Young Investigator Award was established in 2002 to recognize outstanding photoscientific contributions by Society members who have held an independent research position for no more than five years at the time of application.
2023 | Gary F. Moore, Arizona State University Steven A. Lopez, Northeastern University |
2019 | Joshua Vura-Weis, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign |
2018 | Kenneth Hanson, Florida State University |
2017 | Jillian Dempsey, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill “Photo-triggering Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Reactions to Elucidate Reaction Mechanism” |
2016 | Amanda Morris, Virginia Technical Institute “Light Harvesting Through Energy Transfer in Metal Organic Frameworks” |
2015 | Luis M. Campos, Columbia University “Haggling Two Excitons for One Photon in Organic Electronics” |
2014 | Joel Rosenthal, University of Delaware “Development and Spectroscopic Interrogation of New Catalyst Materials and Light Harvesting Assemblies for the Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Fuels” |
2013 | Angel Martí, Rice University |
2012 |
Ken L. Knappenberger, Jr., Florida State University "Nanoparticle Optical Properties and Relaxation Dynamics Studied by Single-Particle Spectroscopy" |
2011 |
Sivaguru Jayaraman , North Dakota State University "Atropisomeric Molecular Templates for Asymmetric Photoreactions" |
2010 |
Marcia Levitus , Arizona State University "Photophysics of Single-Molecule Fluorescent Dyes" |
2009 |
Gonzalo Cosa , McGill University "Novel fluorescence-based strategies for visualizing chemical interactions in lipid membranes" |
2008 |
Elizabeth Harbron, William and Mary College "Fluorescence Modulation in Photochromic Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) Derivatives" |
2007 |
Torsten Fiebig, Boston College - for his work on electron transport in DNA using ultrafast spectroscopy. |
2006 |
Mohammad A. Omary, University of North Texas |
2005 |
Igor V. Alabugin, Florida State University "Photochemistry of Acetylenes and Enediynes: From MO Crossings to DNA Cleavage" |
2004 |
Leonard E. MacGillivray, University of Iowa "Linear Templates: Tools for Directing the [2 + 2] Photodimerization in the Solid State" |
2003 | Dario M. Bassani,
Universite de Bordeaux "Supramolecular Photochemistry: From Molecular Electronics to Self-Assembled Photoactive Architectures" |
The George S. Hammond Award
In recognition of his central role in the development of the modern photochemical sciences, the George S. Hammond Award is given for lifelong achievement in, and contributions to, the photochemical sciences. The Award is given biennially at an I-APS meeting in years that alternate with conferral of the Nicholas J. Turro Award, beginning in 2013. The Award has been endowed by generous contributions from Prof. Hammond’s former students and colleagues.
2023 | Vaidhyanathan Ramamurthy, University of Miami |
2019 | Joe Hupp, Northwestern University |
2017 | David Whitten, University of New Mexico |
2015 | Josef Michl, University of Colorado |
2013 |
Nicholas J. Turro, Columbia University In recognition of the breadth and depth of Prof. Turro's many crucial contributions to the photochemical sciences and his singular impact on worldwide dissemination of photochemical knowledge through his many collaborations and his pioneering textbooks. |
The Nicholas J. Turro Award
Established in 2017, the Nicholas J. Turro Award recognizes innovative contributions in photochemical sciences that transformed thinking or led to meaningful development of the field. The awardees have made sustained scientific contributions with demonstrated successful mentoring of the next generation of photochemists over a period of at least twenty years. The Turro Award will be given in alternate years with the George S. Hammond Award.
2020 | Professor Juan ("Tito") Scaiano, University of Ottawa |
2018 | Vincenzo Balzani, University of Bologna Italy |
Gerhard Closs Student Award
Professor Gerhard L. Closs was one of the outstanding chemists of the past century, receiving the 1991 A. C. Cope Award in chemistry from the American Chemical Society and the 1992 Award in Photochemistry from the Inter-American Photochemical Society. Professor Closs was a devoted teacher and mentor, and it is in remembrance of that spirit that the Inter-American Photochemical Society solicits contributions from graduate and undergraduate students for oral presentation at the I-APS Winter Conference on any subject involving photochemistry.
2023 | Jeffrey Dubose, University of Notre Dame |
2019 | Yishu Jiang, Northwestern University (Advisor: Emily Weiss, Northwestern University) |
2018 | Marija Zoric, University of Illinois–Chicago (Advisor: Ksenija Glusac) |
2017 | Richard Lincoln, McGill University “Lighting and Enlightening the Chemistry of the Cell” |
2017 | Richard Lincoln, McGill University “Lighting and Enlightening the Chemistry of the Cell” |
2016 | Brian DiMarco, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill “Influence of Surface Anchoring on Dye-Sensitized Interfacial Electron Transfer” |
2015 | Albert King, Ohio University “Investigations of Photoisomerization Mechanisms in Ru(II) bis-Sulfoxides” |
2014 | Elango Kumarasang, North Dakota State University |
2013 | Tod Grusenmeyer, Tulane Universtiy |
2012 | Mintu Porel University of Miami; V. Ramamurthy, Supervisor “Water Soluble Organic Hosts as Modulators of the Photophysical Processes of Organic Guests” |
2011 | Kevin Stamplecoskie University of Ottawa; Tito Scaiano, Supervisor “Using the Surface Plasmon Absorption of Silver Nanoparticles to a Maximum” |
2010 | Yunlong Zhang Ohio State University; Matthew Platz, Supervisor "Ultrafast UV-Vis/IR Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies on the Photochemistry of Aryldiazirines: Direct Observation of the S1 Excited States" |
2009 | Tihana Mirkovic University of Toronto; Gregory Scoles, Supervisor "Light Harvesting Dynamics in Cryptophyte Algae " |
2008 | Smita Dayal Case Western Reserve University; Clemens Burda, Supervisor "Quantum Dots-based Resonance Energy Transfer to Photodynamic Therapy Agents" |
2006 | Ryan C. White University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Malcolm Forbes, Supervisor "TREPR, CIDNP, and LFP Studies Of Radicals Formed From The Oxidation Of Diglycine By Water-Soluble Anthraquinone Derivatives and Their Use As Probes For The Aqueous Microenvironment" |
2005 | Lakshimi S. Kaanumalle Tulane University; V. Ramamurthy, Supervisor "Photochemistry in Water-Soluble Synthetic Capsules and Dendritic Reaction Cavities" |
2004 | Susan E. Bailey University of California, Los Angeles; Jeffrey I. Zinc, Supervisor "A Quantitative Model of Intervalence Electron Transfer Addressing Mode Symmetry, Coordinate Dependent Coupling and a Coupled Bridge State" |
2003 | Jayaraman Sivaguru Tulane University; V. Ramamurthy, Supervisor "Asymmetric Induction During Photoisomerization of Diphenylcyclopropane Derivatives: A Study in Isotropic and Confined Media" |
2002 | Tracy L. Morkin McMaster University; William J. Leigh, Supervisor "Photochemistry of alpha-Silylcarbene Precursors and Substituent Effects on the Reactivity of Silicon-Carbon Double Bonds" |
2001 | Mazdak Khajehpour University of Missouri-Columbia; John F. Kauffman, Supervisor "Investigating the Contribution of the Solvent Quadrupole Moment to the Solvent Reorganization Energy" |
2000 | Christine M. R. Clancy University of North Carolina; Malcolm D. E. Forbes, Supervisor "Time-Resolved Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of Photoionization of Tyrosine Anion" |
1998 | Karen E. Torraca University of Florida; Lisa McElwee-White, Supervisor "Photooxidation of Metal Carbynes: Radical Reactivity of 17-Electron Cationic Complexes" |
1997 | Michele K. Eggleston Purdue University; David R. McMillin, Supervisor "Sequence Dependent Binding Using DNA-Hairpins" |
1997 | Gautam Prakash University of Maryland; Daniel E. Falvey, Supervisor "Model Studies into the Mechanism of the (6-4) Photoproduct Photolyase" |
1996 | Elisabeth A. Morlino Bowling Green State University; Michael A.J. Rodgers, Supervisor "Photodissociation of Nitrosyl-Metalloporphyrins: An Excited State Study" |
1995 | Paula J. Wedge Dalhousie University; James A. Pincock, Supervisor "The Photochemistry of Conformationally Rigid Benzylic Esters: 2,2-Dimethyl-1-indanyl Acetates and Pivalates" |
1994 | Michelle L. Absi Northwestern University; Joseph T. Hupp, Supervisor "Direct Observation of Intramolecular Electron Transfer Kinetics in Mixed-Valent Metal Complexes via Spectral and Photochemical Methods" |
1993 | Jeffrey W. Leon University of Rochester; David G. Whitten, Supervisor "Photo-SET Induced Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage of Monomeric and Polymeric 1,2-Diamines in Solution and in the Solid State" |
Gerhard Closs Post-doctoral Award
Established in 2017, the Gerhard Closs Postdoctoral Award recognizes post-doctoral associates who have made outstanding contributions to the photochemical sciences.
2023 | Christopher Grieco, The Ohio State University |
2018 | Renato Sampaoio, Brookhaven National Laboratory |
2017 | Anabel Laterna, University of Ottawa "Light Tuning of the Catalytic Activity of decorated TiO2" |
G. Cilento Award
Professor Giuseppe Cilento was one of the foremost scientists in South America and a pioneer in photobiology. His research at the Institute of Chemistry of the University of Sao Paulo demonstrated conclusively that excited triplet states can be generated enzymatically and he had the foresight to perceive that these could be reactive intermediates of importance in biology. Cilento excelled as a mentor and many of his former students and post-doctoral associates hold academic positions in Brazil and other countries. The breadth of their research interests is a direct reflection of Cilento's interdisciplinary approach to science. The G. Cilento Award was created as a result of the first I-APS South American Meeting in Iguazu Falls in 1996 with the objective of facilitating the participation of young (up to age 35) scientists and students working in Latin America in the I-APS Annual Conferences.
2023 | Sol R. Martinez |
2018 | Alejandro Cadranel, University of Buenos Aires |
2017 | Matias Aguirre, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plat “Modulation of the Electron Transfer Processes in Noble Metal/ZnO Nanocomposites” |
2016 | M. Jazmin Silvero, National University of Cordoba Argentina “Can Green LEDs and Nanoparticles Save us from Superbugs?” |
2014 | Denis Fuentealba, University of Chile “Towards the Use of Biosupramolecular Assemblies as Carriers and Enhancers of Drug Photoactivity” |
2013 | Pedro Camargo |
2012 | Natalia Pacioni Universidad Nacional de Cordoba “Photophysics and Photochemistry to Differentiate between Metal Nanoparticles in Mixtures: an Analytical Strategy” |
2011 | M. Laura Dantola Universidad Nacional de La Plata “Production and Quenching of Reactive Oxygen Species by Pterin Derivatives” |
2009 | Mariano Bossi CONICET- National Research Council of Argentina "Rhodamine spiroamides, a new family of photoswitchable fluorescent markers for far-field fluorescence microscopies with biomolecular resolution" |
2008 | Carla Santos de
Oliveira Universidad de Sao Paulo, Brazil "Distributions and Photochemical Mechanisms of CV and MB in Reverse Micelles and in HeLa Cells" |
2006 | Franco M. Cabrerizo Universidad de Buenos Aires and Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina "Photophysics And Photosensitizing Properties Of Pterins In Aqueous Solution" |
2005 | Alvaro Delgadillo Potifica Universidad Catolica de Chile "Photophysics of Condensed Heterocyclic Ruthenium Complexes in Solution and Anchored to Nanocrystalline TiO2" |
2004 | Sahori B. Yamaki Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil "Spectral Broadening of Selectively Attached Pyren-1-yl Groups and the Dynamics of Relaxation Processes in Ethylene-co-Vinyl Acetate Copolymers" |
2002 | Claudio D. Borsarelli Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Argentina "Singlet Molecular Oxygen Quenching Ability of Carotenoids in a Reverse-Micelle Membrane Mimetic System" |
2001 | Ezequiel Wolcan Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina "Photochemical & Photophysical Properties of fac-Re(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes: A Comparison of Monomer and Polymer Species with -Re(CO)3Phen Chromophores" |
2000 | Ana Paola P. Cione Universidad de Sao Paolo, Brazil; Fergus Gessner, Supervisor "Photochemistry and Photophysics of Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Clays" |
I-APS Fellows
The Society established the honor of Fellowship in 1993. Fellowship recognizes outstanding lifetime scientific achievements in photochemistry or contributions to either the science of photochemistry as a discipline or the furtherance of the society through service.
2018 | Frederick Lewis, Northwestern University R. Marshall Wilson, Bowling Green State University |
2017 | Josef Michl University of Colorado, Boulder Singlet Fission |
2014 | Richard Givens University of Kansas |
2013 | Frank Quina Universidade de São Paulo |
2012 | Paul J. Kropp University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill |
2011 | David R. McMillin Purdue University |
2010 | Robert S. H. Liu University of Hawaii |
2009 | Douglas Neckers Bowling Green University |
2008 | Jack Saltiel Florida State University |
2006 | Sally Mallory & Frank
B. Mallory University of Pennsylvania & Bryn Mawr College |
2005 | J. Kerry Thomas University of Notre Dame |
2005 | David I. Schuster New York University |
2002 | Donald R. Arnold Dalhousie University |
2000 | Anthony M. Trozzolo University of Notre Dame |
1999 | Glenn A. Crosby Washington State University |
1996 | Eduardo A. Lissi Universidade de Santiago, Chile |
1996 | R. Srinivasan UVTech Associates |
1995 | Michael Kasha Florida State University |
1995 | Harry A. Morrison Purdue University |
1994 | Otto P. Strausz University of Alberta |
1994 | N. C. Yang University of Chicago |
1994 | George S. Hammond |
I-APS Award Nomination Procedures
The Inter-American Photochemical Society sponsors six different annual awards for outstanding contributions to the photochemical sciences. Nominations for these awards are generally due during the late summer or early fall of each year. The results are generally known by early November, and the awards are presented at the annual I-APS Winter Conference held (normally) in early January. Nominations for all the awards except the G. Cilento and Gerhard Closs Student Awards are to be submitted to the Chair of the I-APS Awards Committee, a role that is usually filled by the Vice-President or President of the Society. Nominations for the G. Cilento and Gerhard Closs Student Awards are submitted to the organizer of the Winter Conference. The annual Call for Nominations is circulated each year during the summer by e-mail and published concurrently on the Society web page.
2024 Call for Nominations
The nomination dossier will be comprised of a nomination letter of no more than 5 pages in length (Arial 10 point or Times 11 point; 1 inch margins) that addresses the impact of the research, productivity and community involvement (if applicable). The dossier should also include a CV/resume (no more than 10 pages).
The nomination dossier should be sent as a single .pdf file to Ksenija Glusac (glusac@uic.edu). Please enter “I-APS Award Nomination - [Last name of nominee]” as the subject line. The deadline for submission is September 1, 2023. We plan to make announcements not later than September 21, 2023.
I-APS Award in Photochemistry
The I-APS Award in Photochemistry was established in 1988 to recognize outstanding contributions by members of the Society to the advancement of the photochemical and photophysical sciences. The award recognizes achievements made during the past ten years of the nominee's career. The winner will present an award lecture at the upcoming Winter Conference and will be reimbursed for travel expenses associated with attending the conference.
Nominations consist of a detailed statement of the nominee's scientific achievements during the last ten years, a curriculum vitae and publications list. Seconding letters from colleagues familiar with the nominee's work are also helpful to the committee.
I-APS Young Investigator Award
The I-APS Young Investigator Award was established in 2002 to recognize outstanding photoscientific contributions by Society members who have held an independent research position for no more than five years at the time of application. The winner will present an award lecture at the upcoming Winter Conference and will receive up to $1000 to cover travel expenses associated with attending the conference.
Applications or nominations consist of a statement of independent research accomplishments, a curriculum vitae that includes the date of appointment to an independent research position and lists of publications, funding, and awards, and two letters of recommendation sent directly to the Chair of the I-APS Awards Committee.
The George S. Hammond Award
In recognition of his central role in the development of the modern photochemical sciences, the George S. Hammond Award is given for lifelong achievement in, and contributions to, the photochemical sciences. The Award is given biennially at an I-APS meeting in years that alternate with conferral of the Porter Medal, beginning in 2013. The Award has been endowed by generous contributions from Prof. Hammond’s former students and colleagues and will be administered by I-APS, but the awardee need not be a member of I-APS. Former Porter Medalists and I-APS Award winners are eligible.
The Nicholas J. Turro Award
The Nicholas J. Turro Award was established in 2017 through the generous contributions of his students and colleagues and recognizes innovative contributions in photochemical sciences that transformed thinking or led to substantial development of the field. The awardees are expected to have made sustained scientific contributions over a period of at least twenty years preceding the year of nomination as well as have demonstrated successful mentoring of the next generation of photochemists. The Turro Award will be given in alternate years with the George S. Hammond Award.
The nomination should include a detailed statement of the individual's achievements in research and mentoring, two letters of support, and the candidate's curriculum vitae. The nomination and letters of support should be from three different institutions. Individuals who are not members of I-APS, international nominees, and those who have not received another I-APS award within ten years of the nomination are eligible.
Gerhard Closs Student Award
Professor Gerhard L. Closs was one of the outstanding chemists of the past century, receiving the 1991 A. C. Cope Award in chemistry from the American Chemical Society and the 1992 Award in Photochemistry from the Inter-American Photochemical Society. In addition to his contributions in photochemistry and other areas of chemistry, his contributions to the intellectual and social life of the chemical community are also fondly remembered. Professor Closs was a devoted teacher and mentor, and it is in remembrance of that spirit that the Inter-American Photochemical Society solicits contributions from graduate and undergraduate students for oral presentation at the I-APS Winter Conference on any subject involving photochemistry. The winner will receive travel expenses (up to $500) to attend the meeting and present his/her paper.
Applications for the Gerhard Closs Award consist of a one page abstract for his/her paper, curriculum vitae, and a letter of recommendation from his/her research advisor.
Gerhard Closs Post-doctoral Award
Professor Gerhard L. Closs was one of the outstanding chemists of the past century, receiving the 1991 A. C. Cope Award in chemistry from the American Chemical Society and the 1992 Award in Photochemistry from the Inter-American Photochemical Society. In addition to his contributions in photochemistry and other areas of chemistry, his contributions to the intellectual and social life of the chemical community are also fondly remembered. Professor Closs was a devoted teacher and mentor, and it is in remembrance of that spirit that the Inter-American Photochemical Society solicits contributions from post-doctoral associates for oral presentation at the I-APS Winter Conference on any subject involving photochemistry. The winner will receive travel expenses (up to $500) to attend the meeting and present his/her paper.
Applications for the Gerhard Closs Award consist of a one page abstract for his/her paper, curriculum vitae, and a letter of recommendation from his/her research advisor.
G. Cilento Award
The G. Cilento Award was established in 1999 to facilitate attendance at I-APS Conferences by scientists and students working in Latin America, of age 35 or younger. The award provides up to $2000 USD and waiver of the conference registration fee. The awardee will present a short talk at the I-APS Conference.
Applications or nominations for the Cilento Award consist of a curriculum vitae, abstract of the proposed talk, indication of fluency in English, and a letter of recommendation from the research advisor if the applicant/nominee is a graduate or postdoctoral student.
I-APS Fellowship
The Society established the honor of Fellowship in 1993. Fellowship recognizes outstanding lifetime scientific achievements in photochemistry or contributions to either the science of photochemistry as a discipline or the furtherance of the society through service. Fellowship is limited to 4% of the membership of the Society and no more than two Fellows can be elected in a given year. Fellows may be requested to make a short presentation at the next Winter Conference and will receive a waiver of membership dues.
Nominations consist of statement describing the merit of the contribution to be recognized and should state clearly whether the award is for scientific or service contributions. Seconding letters are not required, but may be submitted. Nominees should be members of the Society. Exceptions to this requirement require special justification by the nominator.